Which of the following is NOT one of the four components of negligence?

The four components of negligence are duty, breach of duty, causation, and injury. To establish negligence, it must be shown that a duty of care was owed, that there was a breach of that duty, that the breach caused an injury, and that the injury occurred as a result of this breach.

Emotional distress, while it may be a consequence of negligent behavior, does not constitute one of the fundamental components required to prove negligence. It is often considered a type of harm or injury that may occur in certain situations, but it is not a necessary element in all negligence cases. Therefore, identifying emotional distress as not one of the essential components aligns with the foundational principles of negligence.